Langrenus (crater)

Langrenus
	Oblique Lunar Orbiter 4 image
Coordinates	8°54′S 60°54′E / 8.9°S 60.9°E
Diameter	132 km
Depth	2.7 km
Colongitude	300° at sunrise
Eponym	Michel F. van Langren

Langrenus is an impact crater located near the eastern lunar limb. The feature is circular in shape, but appears oblong due to foreshortening. It lies on the eastern shore of the Mare Fecunditatis. To the south is the overlapping crater pair Vendelinus and the smaller Lamé.

The inner wall of Langrenus is wide and irregularly terraced, with an average width of about 20 kilometers. The outer ramparts are irregular and hilly, and there is a bright, fragmented ray system spread across the mare to the west. The interior of the crater has a higher albedo than the surroundings, so the crater appears bright when the Sun is overhead. The crater floor is covered by many boulders, and is slightly irregular in the northwest half. The central peaks rise about a kilometer above the floor, and a peak on the eastern rim ascends to an altitude of 3 km.

On December 30, 1992, Audouin Dollfus of the Observatoire de Paris observed a series of glows on the floor of this crater using the one-meter telescope. These glows changed form with time, and Dollfus expressed the belief that this was likely a gaseous emission. The cracked floor of the crater may have been the source of the gas.^{[citation needed]}

Flemish astronomer Michael van Langren was the first person to draw a lunar map while giving names to many of the features, in 1645. He named this crater after himself; it is the only one of his named features that has retained his original designation.

Langrenus is a crater of Eratosthenian age.^[1]

Satellite craters

By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Langrenus.

Langrenus	Latitude	Longitude	Diameter
E	12.7° S	60.6° E	30 km
G	12.1° S	65.4° E	23 km
H	8.0° S	64.3° E	23 km
L	13.2° S	62.2° E	12 km
M	9.8° S	66.4° E	17 km
N	9.0° S	65.7° E	12 km
P	12.1° S	63.1° E	42 km
Q	11.9° S	60.7° E	12 km
R	7.7° S	63.6° E	5 km
S	6.7° S	64.7° E	9 km
T	4.6° S	62.5° E	42 km
U	12.6° S	57.1° E	4 km
V	13.2° S	55.9° E	5 km
W	8.6° S	67.3° E	23 km
X	12.4° S	64.7° E	25 km
Y	7.8° S	66.9° E	27 km
Z	7.1° S	66.4° E	20 km

Many of the more significant associated craters that surround Langrenus have since been renamed by the IAU.

Langrenus A — See Barkla.
Langrenus B — See Naonobu.
Langrenus C — See Acosta.
Langrenus D — See Al-Marrakushi.
Langrenus F — See Bilharz.
Langrenus J — See Somerville.
Langrenus K — See Atwood.

Langrenus M
Langrenus M
Langrenus X (lower left) and unnamed crater (upper right)

References

^ The geologic history of the Moon. USGS Professional Paper 1348. By Don E. Wilhelms, John F. McCauley, and Newell J. Trask. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington: 1987. Table 12.2.

Andersson, L. E.; Whitaker, E. A. (1982). NASA Catalogue of Lunar Nomenclature. NASA RP-1097.
Blue, Jennifer (July 25, 2007). "Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature". USGS. Retrieved 2007-08-05.
Bussey, B.; Spudis, P. (2004). The Clementine Atlas of the Moon. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-81528-4.
Cocks, Elijah E.; Cocks, Josiah C. (1995). Who's Who on the Moon: A Biographical Dictionary of Lunar Nomenclature. Tudor Publishers. ISBN 978-0-936389-27-1.
McDowell, Jonathan (July 15, 2007). "Lunar Nomenclature". Jonathan's Space Report. Retrieved 2007-10-24.
Menzel, D. H.; Minnaert, M.; Levin, B.; Dollfus, A.; Bell, B. (1971). "Report on Lunar Nomenclature by the Working Group of Commission 17 of the IAU". Space Science Reviews. 12 (2): 136–186. Bibcode:1971SSRv...12..136M. doi:10.1007/BF00171763. S2CID 122125855.
Moore, Patrick (2001). On the Moon. Sterling Publishing Co. ISBN 978-0-304-35469-6.
Price, Fred W. (1988). The Moon Observer's Handbook. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-33500-3.
Rükl, Antonín (1990). Atlas of the Moon. Kalmbach Books. ISBN 978-0-913135-17-4.
Webb, Rev. T. W. (1962). Celestial Objects for Common Telescopes (6th revised ed.). Dover. ISBN 978-0-486-20917-3.
Whitaker, Ewen A. (1999). Mapping and Naming the Moon. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-62248-6.
Wlasuk, Peter T. (2000). Observing the Moon. Springer. ISBN 978-1-85233-193-1.

External links

LAC-80
AS16-M-0666 view from Apollo 16
At the Top of the Avalanche, on the central peak of Langrenus, from LROC
Wood, Chuck (November 25, 2007). "Moving Eastward". Lunar Photo of the Day. Retrieved 2015-11-08.
Lights glow on Moon

[1] The geologic history of the Moon. USGS Professional Paper 1348. By Don E. Wilhelms, John F. McCauley, and Newell J. Trask. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington: 1987. Table 12.2.

[1]